Venice is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Of course, it is not surprising that poets and artists vividly and colorfully described Venice in their creations. Venice is a city that is washed by water, that is, a city on the water.
Now let's dive into history a bit. Venice is a rather young city, when compared, for example, with. According to legend, the city was founded in 421 on March 25, but the first ruler appeared only in 726. The construction of Venice began in the so-called Rialto.
A huge number of canals were built, and their land was used in strengthening, as well as in raising the island. It was in this way that the Grand Canal was formed in Venice and the rest of the canals proceeded in the same way. It's hard to imagine - 118 islands are interconnected by 400 bridges. And the islands are reinforced with piles, which are wooden logs, it is on them that the foundation itself is based, which serves as the basis for palaces and houses. In the 10th century, Venice was able to establish trade relations both with the East and with other regions. There was also a period of decline in the city, which fell on the XIV century, the reason for this was the greatly increased military power of the Turks. Venice was in the hands of both Napoleon and the Austrian House of Habsburg. But in 1866 it was part of the united.
Venice - video
Let's talk a little about the climate of Venice. It is believed that this Southern City It is characterized by rather long and hot summers and fairly mild winters. Typical for Venice are torrential rains that accompany thunderstorms.
Particular attention should be paid to the sights of Venice. This city is divided into six districts, which are distributed in three, on each of the banks of the Grand Canal. Here is a list of these areas - San Paolo, Santa Croce, Castello, San Marco, Canareggio, Dorsoduro.
Sights of Venice
Of course, the most valuable attraction of Venice is - Big channel. The uniqueness of the canal lies in the fact that it has the rarest frame and very picturesque houses, as well as palaces, and the canal also serves as the central transport "artery" of the city. The length of the Grand Canal is 3,800 meters, but the width is somewhere within 70 m, the depth of the canal is 5 m. This canal divides Venice into two parts and flows into the widest canal of St. Mark. An interesting fact is that the inhabitants of the city themselves call the canal - Canalazzo. So it serves as a connecting means - it connects the districts of Venice, with the help of 3 bridges and 45 canals. It is worth taking a walk along the Grand Canal using a water tram or on a gondola and see the front facades of buildings, because they are visible only from the side of the water surface. On the first floors of the buildings there are boat moorings and commercial warehouses, the rest of the floors belong to the residents. Of course, the highlight is the architectural decorations, made in various ways. It is also worth paying attention to the windows - these are a kind of gothic-style openwork lancet arches arranged in a row or paired with unusual patterns - shamrocks, quatrefoils, late Gothic rosette.
An important attraction is the area of extraordinary beauty - San Marco. There is a column on the square itself, and on its very top there is a winged lion (by the way, it is also a symbol of Venice).
An amazing view opens up around the column - unprecedented beauty Cathedral of San Marco, not nearly inferior in beauty to the Doge's Palace, located there. The cathedral was consecrated in 1094. Four bronze horses were located above the central arch of the cathedral. But in the altar part there is the most unique treasure of Venice - the "Golden Altar" and a composition that contains 250 small icons. It is made of precious stones, gold and enamel.
Also worth a visit doge's palace, he is famous for the decoration of the arcade and the balcony. The construction of the palace in the style of the Venetian Gothic. At that time, famous artists worked on the design itself - Veronese, Titian, Tintoretto, Giovanni Bellini and many others.
Palace of Dario known for a slightly different type of architecture, its facades are decorated with multi-colored marble.
Also famous for its beauty and Church of Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari. The monks abandoned expensive equipment and built it from the simplest bricks.
You can not pass by the stunning painting "Assunta" - "Ascension of the Virgin Mary", it is she who is the decoration of the main altar. But in the family chapel is located "Madonna Pesaro".
If you come to Venice, then you definitely need to make an excursion to the islands. Here, for example, the island of Murano - it is located there glass museum. It is also possible to visit shops that specialize in glassware.
And on the island of Burano, they are engaged in the manufacture of lace (it is woven by hand and is called "holes from the air").
No less charming is the island of Torcello, as it turns out, it was once the birthplace of Venice. On this island there is the Church of Santa Fosca, as well as the Estuary Museum.
Anyone who is going to visit Venice in February will be able to get on Venice Carnival, which is quite large in scale. Gold costumes, silver lace, and, of course, masks, jugglers, vampires, guardsmen and archangels - all this can only be seen at the carnival. The festival lasts for ten whole days. But the announcement of the closing of the carnival is something strange - there is a ritual burial of a straw effigy - in such an interesting way, Italy says goodbye to winter.
1. Getting around in Venice is possible only with the help of steamers, gondolas and boats, and you can also walk on foot.
2. Those wishing to visit St. Mark's Cathedral should know that this place is Catholic and therefore it is forbidden to enter there in shorts, short skirts and with bare shoulders. It is forbidden to inspect the church during worship and at lunchtime.
3. It is important that in Venice they do not speak Russian and English, only Italian will help you on vacation.
4. It is also worth knowing that in the city from 14:00 to 15:30 there is a siesta time, which means that churches, shops, restaurants and cafes are all closed.
5. It is also worth knowing that gondolas are not the main means of transport for transporting passengers, it is more of a recreational vehicle and it costs quite well - from 100 euros.
6. Going to a remote island, you should take care of waterproof shoes, as in Venice, after rain, one of the islands may flood.
7. It is better to find out urgent information on any case at the hotel (in the extreme case, this is the driver of the river tram), since the local population is very small, mostly all tourists.
8. But it is preferable to buy souvenirs for your relatives and friends near the church of St. Jeremiah - the prices there are more loyal than anywhere else.
9. Information about trattorias will also be valuable (this is something like our canteens). There you can eat quite tasty, and most importantly not expensive. Tipping here is voluntary, but still the majority of vacationers leave them within 10% of the total cost.
“She is so beautiful that you understand: you are not able to find anything in your life that would compare with this beauty.” This is how I. Brodsky wrote about Venice, and everyone who, making travel in Italy visited this unique city.
Venice was formed as a settlement in the 5th-6th centuries AD. The endless raids of the barbarian tribes forced the Veneti, who lived on the mainland, to move to the lagoon. They inhabited numerous islands, making them impregnable fortresses for enemies.These islands were not entirely suitable for life due to regular flooding. The future Venetians found a way out: they drove piles of alpine larch into the marshy soil, which practically does not rot in water. The first houses were built on these piles. That's how it came into being Venice - a city on the water, thanks to geographic location which became the largest trading hub and the capital of a prosperous republic that existed for almost a millennium.
The Venetians were businesslike and very practical people. Being formally under the rule of Byzantium, they skillfully maneuvered between their neighbors, using the rapidly changing political situation in their own interests. And the cunning Venetian merchants completely turned the Crusades into a profitable commercial enterprise.The crusader knights had nothing in their souls but fanaticism and heart-warming indulgences. The cunning Venetians gave them loans and provided their ships, receiving in return a third of their trophies.
Over time, after the opening of new trade routes, and also because of the growing power of the Turks, the Most Serene Republic of Venice lost its former greatness. Periodically, she passed from hand to hand and in 1866 joined Italy.
Now it is the most popular tourist destination, because sights of Venice annually examined by about 7 million travelers. The historical center of the city is located on 118 islands, separated by 150 canals, through which about four hundred bridges are thrown.
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The main architectural ensemble of Venice is St. Mark's Square, where the cathedral of the same name is located. Evangelist Mark is the heavenly patron of the city, and he was chosen by the Venetians themselves (the Byzantine emperor offered them St. Theodore, but this proposal was rejected).
During the sack of Alexandria in 828, Venetian merchants took the relics of St. Mark, hiding them from Muslim customs officers under pig carcasses. Four years later, the Basilica of St. Mark, where they began to store his relics.
This temple later became cathedral Venice. Over the years, it has been rebuilt several times, and its architectural style is difficult to determine. This is a Byzantine church with Gothic turrets and arrows, its facade is decorated with mosaics and statues of saints. On the loggia of the cathedral there is a quadriga of St. Mark taken out after the sack of Constantinople in the 4th Crusade. True, in 1982 it was replaced with a copy, and the original was placed in the basilica museum.
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The bell tower at the cathedral is a separate building almost 100 m high. Initially, in its place there was a watchtower, which simultaneously served as a beacon for ships in the lagoon. In 1514, a campanile was built here, consisting of a brick shaft, a bell tower and observation deck. During the Dark Ages, the mine was used as a torture chamber.
In 1902, the campaign of St. The brand was completely destroyed due to the general wear and tear of the building, as well as due to the earthquake and lightning strike. As a result of this collapse, no one, except for the caretaker's cat, was injured. And after 10 years, the bell tower was restored to its original form and on the day of St. Mark (April 25) solemnly opened.
Next to the cathedral on the square San Marco is the Doge's Palace, the residence of the rulers of Venice. The Doge era lasted exactly 1100 years, in 697 this post was taken by Paul Lucius Anafest, and in 1797 Napoleon, who captured Venice, abolished the Doge Institute.
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The position was elective and not hereditary. The doge's power was limited: he could not go out alone to people, meet "tête-à-tête" with foreign ambassadors, he did not have the right to own property abroad. Usually, the doges managed to stay in office until their death, the remuneration for work from the head of Venice was small. And in order to compensate for the theft possible for this reason, in 1501 a method was developed for posthumous compensation for damage from the reign of the Doge.
The residence of the ruler of the Most Serene Republic of Venice is a masterpiece of Italian Gothic architecture. built doge's palace more than 100 years old, in 1577 it was partially destroyed by fire. After restoration, it acquired the appearance that has survived to this day.
From the courtyard to the palace you can climb the marble Staircase of the Giants. On its upper platform there are gigantic statues of the sea and military patrons of Venice - Neptune and Mars (hence the name of the stairs). This is where festive ceremonies were held. Doges of Venice married to power.
The Golden Staircase leads to the main halls of the palace; it got its name because of the gilded stucco that adorned it. Only especially important persons, listed in the "Golden Book" of the city, which was kept in a special room under this staircase, could climb it.
The Hall of the Great Council, the largest ceremonial hall of the palace, occupies the entire southern wing. There is the throne of the doge, above it on the wall hangs the canvas of the father and son of Tintoretto "Paradise", which is one of the largest paintings in the world.
The remaining walls of the hall are decorated with portraits of all the doges of Venice, except for Marino Faliero, who was executed for treason. A black scroll hangs in place of his portrait.
In the Hall of the Compass, those accused of high treason awaited their verdict with horror. The Tribunal, headed by the Doge, sat in the Hall of the Council of Ten. After the verdict was announced, the convicts were sent up a secret staircase to the top floor in the lead cells of the Old Prison. The path of the prisoners to the new prison lay through the Palace Canal along the Bridge of Sighs, from where they could look at their city for the last time.
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In the Halls of the College and the Senate, important state affairs were decided, official ceremonies were held in the Scarlatti Hall, and the richest collection of geographical maps was kept in the Map Hall.
On the eastern facade of the Doge's Palace there is a balcony from which in 1866 the accession of Venice to the Kingdom of Italy was announced.
The canals of Venice are the transport arteries of the city. The most famous of them is the Grand Canal, its length is about 4 km, its width is from 30 to 70 m. It has no embankments, their role is played by the facades of houses, in which one exit leads to land, the second to water.
There are more than a hundred palaces on the banks of the Grand Canal. The most beautiful buildings of the city are located here. Therefore, the Venetians proudly call it Canalazzo (Canal Palace).
In the island part of the city, the only mode of transport is water. These are river trams (vaporetto), ferries, boats. And of course the famous gondolas, they are proud of Venice, photo these boats are in the album of every tourist who has visited these fabulous places.
Previously, gondolas were the main means of transporting the Venetians around the city, now tourists ride them. These six-seater boats are driven by gondoliers - a special caste of the inhabitants of the "pearl of the Adriatic". Their number is strictly limited: 425 people have licenses, these are local residents, in the vast majority, hereditary gondoliers. These guys in striped sweaters and straw hats with a ribbon are real artists and a storm of lonely rich foreigners. They drive their black boats phenomenally, sing beautifully (for a fee) Neapolitan songs for some reason, are very sociable and friendly.
Such a seemingly carefree life of a beautiful city may soon end: Venice is slowly sinking into the water and, according to scientists, in 2028 may become uninhabitable. If the city is not put on a "major overhaul", then only the unique Venice, reviews about it will excite the minds of generations who will never be able to see it with their own eyes.
Traveling through the north of Italy, Venice - a city on the water, stands out strongly from the background of the entire region. Venice has not yet gone under water and is considered the most romantic city in Italy.
Venice is located on a series of islands in the Adriatic Sea and is connected to the mainland by a 7-kilometer bridge. And in the city itself there are no roads at all, and traffic is organized through numerous channels.
Just walk along the streets of Venice, the most the best program- and free
For many years, Venice played an important role in trade between East and West, and many European painters admired its beauty.
What can you see in Venice - a city on the water, with only one day left?
- Arriving in Venice on a cruise ship or by train, you will in any case get to Santa Lucia station. Yes, yes, like in the song, from where you have a beautiful view of the Grand Canal. Walking along it you will remember for a long time. Indeed, along the canal there are more than 50 medieval palaces and majestic churches.
Grand Canal, a place near the main station of Venice that welcomes all tourists - And I recommend starting your tour of this beautiful city from one of the most luxurious squares in the world - Piazza San Marco. The one where tourists were forbidden to feed pigeons for sanitary reasons. Several remarkable buildings are located here at once, such as the Doge's Palace, the Cathedral of San Marco, the San Marco Clock Tower and the Marciana Library.
Separately, I want to note: if you are a lover and connoisseur of natural beauties, then in Venice, apart from the bewitching canals, there are not so many of these natural attractions. But since you are in Italy, you can always go to, even if they are not as close as we would like.
By the way, the ban on feeding pigeons is not particularly observed, so you can still buy crackers here to lure birds and take pictures. Do not forget to pay attention to the drawing on the pavement: it was laid out in the 13th century in a special way to orient the direction of the processions during the celebrations in the Cathedral of San Marco.
And since Piazza San Marco is the very heart and center of Venice. You can get here on foot, on the Vaporetto water bus (7.5 euros per trip), or during sightseeing tour on the gondola.
Piazza San Marco - The Cathedral of San Marco is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Venice. In addition to its beautiful Byzantine architecture, the cathedral is known for the fact that the relics of the Apostle Mark are kept here. As well as a huge collection of trophies and art objects brought from the Crusades.
Entrance to the cathedral is free, but if you get to the period of any temporary exhibition, then be prepared to pay an entrance fee. In our case, there was an exhibition of the crusaders and the entrance was 5 euros.
Cathedral of San Marco in Venice - Doge's Palace. Since you are walking along Piazza San Marco, you will not pass by the Doge's Palace. For centuries, the government of the Venetian Republic was located here, as well as many other state organizations. Do not regret 20 euros for a ticket and be sure to stop by to admire the murals, frescoes and paintings by Italian artists. We regretted something 🙂
Doge's Palace - Bridge of Sighs. You can get to it from the Doge's Palace or during a gondola ride through the Venetian canals. Legend has it that the convicts were led to prison over this bridge and they sighed for the last time looking at the beauty of Venice. And to prevent escapes, the bridge is completely closed even from above and has only a few windows.
Another legend tells that the only criminal who managed to escape is the notorious Casanova. And to swim under this bridge at sunset and kiss is considered an obligatory part of the excursion program in Venice for couples in love.
Bridge of Sighs and Gandola - But the most beautiful bridge in Venice, I would rather call the Rialto Bridge. It was built very first across the Grand Canal. And from the very moment of its construction, merchants settled on it, even today souvenir shops are open on the bridge. Mention of him can be found in Shakespeare's play "The Merchant of Venice".
- The bridge was originally built of wood, was destroyed several times by fires, and in the 16th century was rebuilt from stone and has retained this appearance to this day. Walking along it, be prepared to hustle, this is really a "people's place" since the Middle Ages.
Rialto Bridge, wife, seagull, me (I'm on the right) - Do you want to get even closer to the masterpieces of Venetian artists? Then I recommend not to pass by the Academy Gallery. Founded as an educational institution in the 18th century, today it is the largest exhibition of works by Italian masters. This Gallery occupies as many as 24 halls. But if you do not have time, then this item of the program can be donated.
- Murano area. If you, being in Venice, went to souvenir shops. They probably paid attention to the abundance of souvenirs and other glass products, called Murano. The fact is that in Venice there is the Murano district, where glass-blowing factories have been operating since the Middle Ages. These factories produced glass of the highest quality. And glasses and mirrors brought to Europe from Venice were considered the best in quality. There are guided tours to workshops where you can watch the process of making glassware.
Allegedly "Murano" glass in all souvenir shops in Venice - Arsenal. The Venetian Arsenal was the first and largest shipbuilding workshop in medieval Europe. At the covered shipyards, work was simultaneously underway on 20 galleys. From historical records it follows that one ship was launched daily, and in total up to 16 thousand people worked at the factory. Such a pace of development of shipbuilding provided Venice with superiority in the Adriatic.
- Today, in the building of the former granary on the territory of the Arsenal, there is a museum. And on the squares of the workshops, such a landmark event in the world of art as the Venice Biennale is held. Ticket price 25 euros. I cried, but I paid, and, to be honest, I was a little disappointed. The cost clearly does not match the content.
Entrance to the Arsenal Additional Information
If you have already looked at everything in this city on the water and it’s not the first day here, but the soul requires adventure and romance, read the article about the ferry to Croatia from Venice, to the wine region of Istria. You can organize a one-day sea trip and discover a new point on the world map!!!
Separately, I want to note the prices in Venice: this is not a cheap city, compared to the rest of Italy. In the article on the link, you will read in detail, using the example of Naples. From this article, you can focus on almost all prices. Only accommodation and meals in restaurants will be on average twice as expensive. Keep this in mind.
If you have only 1 light day to Venice and want to see the city to the maximum, then I recommend paying attention to excursions, both sightseeing and thematic. They are easy to buy on the spot in the city or pre-book online. The only disadvantage of buying on the spot: there are no Russian-speaking excursions. So if English, Italian or French guides are not embarrassing, feel free to take a tour from them.
In conclusion: Venice is a city on the water, a museum city. Even if you are not a fan of looking at exhibitions behind closed windows, just take a walk around the city. Attractions here at every step. Stop by for coffee in one of the many cozy cafes, immerse yourself in the unique atmosphere of the city.
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Romantic, amazing, inimitable... These words can describe the beautiful Venice - a city built on the water - one of the most beautiful not only in Italy, but throughout Europe. For many decades, Venice has inspired artists and poets, attracted romantics and travelers from all over the world. Its openwork palaces, water channels, gondolas and gondoliers, numerous bridges, narrow streets, beautiful cathedrals and the endless sea cannot but delight. It is difficult to describe Venice - you need to see it, breathe it in and feel it with your heart. What is the delightful architectural ensemble of the main square of the city with the magnificent Cathedral of San Marco and the majestic bell tower, not to mention the Doge's Palace and the Basilica of Santa Maria della Salute.
Venice is a city of masks and carnivals, luxury and romantic mood.
Venice - attractions
Description of Venice and its main attractions, we will begin with the main square of the city, because it is it that is its symbol and true treasure. Here is the extraordinary Basilica of San Marco, charming with its solemn appearance and dazzling with golden interiors, Torre delle Orolodzho - the clock tower, located in the northern part of the square, Loggetta, which served as a guardhouse at the luxurious Doge's Palace, erected opposite, etc.
Venice is a city on the water, among its main attractions are bridges and footbridges, many of which can be called real works of art. The most famous of them are Ponte di Rialto,
Bridge of Sighs, Ponte degli Scalzi, Straw Bridge, etc.
The islands of Venice are no less beautiful - everyone has interesting story and attractions. The Venetian artisans of Murano are famous all over the world for their beautiful glassware, and the needlewomen of Burano for their delicate lace.
While in Venice, do not forget to visit the Accademia Gallery - one of the most famous city museums, which holds the largest collection of paintings by Venetian artists of the XIV-XVIII centuries. The gallery features works by Titian, Giorgione, Giovanni Bellini, Lorenzo Lotto, Giandomenico Tiepolo and many others. In addition, the works of famous masters can be admired in the churches of Venice.
A gondola ride along the Grand Canal will give not only an unforgettable experience, but also the opportunity to see the most beautiful palaces of the Venetian nobility of past centuries: Ca "Rezzonico, built at the end of the 18th century, the Renaissance Palazzo Barbarigo, decorated with Murano glass mosaics, the lace Palazzo Santa Sofia, better known as the "Golden House" and many others.
What weather to expect in Venice
Venice has a mild and humid climate. The average temperature in summer is kept within 23-25 degrees, in winter it rarely drops below zero. Sometimes in winter snow falls and short-term frosts occur.
"High water" in Venice is a phenomenal phenomenon, characteristic of both the winter months and early spring. During this period, most of the city was flooded. Such floods can occur up to 100 times a year.
The best time to visit Venice is from May to September.
Public transport in Venice
In addition to buses and trams serving the mainland of Venice, there are other types of public transport- motor ships plying along the main canals of Venice, as well as between the islands. Vaporetto is the main type of urban transport, its capacity is up to 250 people. In addition, there is also a metro in Venice, no more than 1 km long, with only three stations.
What to try in Venice
The typical cuisine of Venice is rich in seafood dishes. You should definitely try "Risotto de go" - rice with fish sauce made from gobies that live in the waters of the Venetian lagoon. Sarde in saor is served as an antipasto in Venice - an unusual appetizer in the form of fried sardines in sweet and sour sauce. For the second, do not deny yourself the pleasure of tasting "Fenato alla Veneziana" - a dish made from pork or beef liver, served with polenta (porridge made from cornmeal). Among the Venetian sweets, the most popular are "Baikoli" cookies and, common during the Christmas and carnival period, "Fritola".
Excursions in Venice
This is useful to know:
- The Venice Carnival, held every year in February, is one of the most famous costume festivals in the world. The main celebration of Venice, the description of which is first found in 1094, has become an annual event since 1162.
- Once every two years, Venice hosts the most famous exhibition of world art - the Venice Biennale, which has an international character and is held in 1895.
- In different centuries, such famous personalities as Marco Polo, Antonio Vivaldi, Andrea Gabrieli, Antonio Canova, Tintoretto and others lived and worked in the city of Venice.
- There are 433 gondoliers in Venice - born Venetians, among whom there is one woman. But the most interesting thing is that the number of gondoliers does not change.
Venice - one of the most beautiful cities in the world - stands on the water. There are no pavements in it, even sidewalks are quite rare, there is no wheeled transport. Water splashes right next to the houses, and residents move in gondolas and motor boats.
Its historical center is located on an archipelago consisting of 118 small islands, 4 km from the mainland with which it is connected. long bridge. In the 5th century, refugees from Padua and other Italian cities lived here, fleeing the Huns and other barbarians.
The streets in Venice are 150 canals. The large canal, which is 3.8 km long and 30-70 m wide, divides the whole city into two parts: historical Center and the industrial and commercial part, and smaller canals flow into it, like rivers. The total number of bridges thrown over them is about 400. 
Amazing palaces rise on both sides of the Grand Canal, the main of which is the Doge's Palace - the creation of architects of the 9th-16th centuries. This magnificent monument overlooks Piazza San Marco- the pearl of the city. 
View of Piazza San Marco (1723) 
The entire Venetian lagoon and the beautiful city along with it is steadily sinking under water. Why is this happening? There are several reasons. Lowlands, especially on the shores of the seas, are usually located on the site of tectonic troughs of the earth's crust and therefore are gradually submerged and flooded by the sea.
The second reason is more difficult. The mass of river sediments (sand, silt) carried by the Po River is deposited in its lower reaches and mouth. It would seem that the terrain should rise at the same time. But in this case, the mass of sediments is so great that it creates an additional load on the earth's crust. Due to this, loose moisture-saturated rocks at a depth are compacted, compressed, squeezing out moisture, and quickly settle.
But there is another reason for the dive. It was created by the residents themselves. The fact is that for a long time the city used fresh water directly from its bowels, and natural gas was pumped out in huge quantities at the mouth of the Po River. In this regard, the area quickly subsided at a rate of 3 mm per year. After the flood of 1966, the pumping of water had to be stopped. Settling immediately slowed down, but the problem remains.
