The peach, or “Persian apple,” once brought to Europe through Persia, has been grown in Crimea for a long time, and its best varieties are in the Bakhchisarai region (as well as cherries). In ancient Eastern medicine, peach was believed to have cleansing properties for the body. It was also recommended for heart disease, anemia, low stomach acidity, and intestinal disorders. It was believed that only people with an unstable nervous system should limit the consumption of peaches.
By the way, at the Crimean bazaar you will find an abundance of fruits that have a very beneficial effect on the nervous system (as well as on the liver).
These are melons. Small and large; round or oblong; yellow, green, orange (and even striped); sweet and not so sweet. But in any case, juicy and healthy, they can successfully turn an ordinary lunch into a “Crimean lunch”. This is how our grandparents ate: a few slices of fragrant melon with bread - and you’re already full. Melon contains fiber, sugars, nitrogenous and ash substances, folic and nicotinic acids, and it can contain from 10 to 40 mg of vitamin C. By the way, a mask made from melon pulp is considered a very good cosmetic product for summer skin problems such as freckles and age spots. Our melons start growing at the end of June - much earlier than watermelons. But if you see watermelons at this time, it is better not to buy them (especially for children) - you can easily get poisoned instead of benefiting. A real watermelon will be available from the end of July and, as a rule, from this time until the end of September there is no home in Crimea where it is not served to the table every day. Join us and in a month and a half you will ideally cleanse your kidneys and gallbladder, treat sclerotic phenomena and arthritis, as well as the endocrine system. It may seem to others that watermelons contain nothing but water. And vitamins: B, C, P, A? In addition, nitrogenous substances, pectins and sugars!
(same as persimmon). Let me just say that black figs are considered healthier than white ones... And those who have only eaten them dried will be pleasantly surprised by their unusual consistency and juiciness when eaten fresh. And remember that figs do not know how to lie down and be stored at all - they begin to “wander” (that’s why they are called “wine berries”).
The latest to grow in Crimea will be quince and dogwood. In ancient Eastern medicine, it was believed that quince had a beneficial effect on the psyche, invigorated, improved mood, and relieved obsessive thoughts and headaches. It has also long been noted that quince strengthens the heart, liver, stomach, and normalizes intestinal function and metabolism. If you need to heal frayed nerves, but are already fed up with melons, cook a beautiful and tasty compote from these fragrant, tart fruits that look like large yellow apples with a waxy coating (and right along with dogwood). And how amazing quince jam is!.. Avicenna recommended fresh quince juice for asthma. But dogwood has long been considered the best remedy for all diseases in Crimea. Traveler V.Kondaraki in the 19th century. recorded the statement of local residents that “...famous doctors of antiquity, visiting Taurida, did not stay there because they saw a lot of dogwood around,” which for them, doctors, was a sure sign of unemployment. The oblong, medium-sized dark red fruits of forest dogwood are useful for anemia, metabolic disorders, diseases of the skin and joints. As an anti-inflammatory agent, dogwood is not inferior to the famous raspberries (both in the form of jam and dried). It contains minerals and tannins, vitamins (especially C), sugars, pectins, and organic acids. The Crimean Greeks have long used dogwood decoction to treat measles, smallpox, scarlet fever, fever, kidney disease, bladder disease and even tuberculosis. In addition to berries, leaves, bark and roots were used.
Finally, at the end of autumn, the last of the Crimean fruits, persimmons ripen. These orange smooth fruits came to us from Japan and China. Ripe persimmons contain a lot of sugars, carotenes, pectin, vitamin C, tannins, and protein. Since ancient times, doctors have noticed its nutritional value and recommended it for the treatment of anemia and metabolic disorders. Avicenna considered it a general tonic for exhausted patients. Persimmon fruits are a good antitussive and are used to treat bronchitis. The best variety in Crimea is “Korolek”, the ripe fruits of which have almost no astringency at all, and can be eaten without peeling.
At the same time, in the fall, nuts also appear in the Crimean bazaars, which, by the way, should be on everyone’s table all year round, since all the beneficial substances accumulated in nuts are stored in them for a very long time. Nuts are the main building material for the brain, nerves, and bones. They are twice as nutritious as bread and four times as nutritious as meat. Therefore, they are especially useful in case of exhaustion, after serious illnesses, as well as for everyone who works both mentally and physically, without exception. It goes without saying that nuts are also useful for children and the elderly: some for growth, others for raising vitality and fighting atherosclerosis, as well as for nursing mothers. Walnut fruits help accelerate blood circulation, strengthen the heart and liver, neutralize acids in the stomach, and normalize bile secretion. They contain fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, a lot of iron, cobalt, phosphorus and other trace elements. The most famous nut in Crimea is the walnut. It was brought to the peninsula long ago by the Greeks, the first colonizers of the peninsula. Once upon a time, huge walnut groves surrounded all the southern coastal villages. By the way, in the 19th century. Crimea provided the whole of Russia with walnuts. Almonds, which were also brought to Crimea by the ancient Greeks, are no worse than walnuts. Almond groves are not uncommon today south coast Crimea. And the blossoming of almond trees is such a bright pink miracle that it’s time to come specially to see it (like in Japan at cherry blossoms). By the way, almonds will already be sold on the Crimean market sometime in July. Anyone who has not seen it like this before may not guess that it is an almond - at this time it looks very much like flat, green, hard apricots. Here you need to work hard to get the treasured kernel - still very fresh, milky, but already sweet and tasty. And from the fall they will be sold in a more familiar form - in light porous shells.
By the way, almonds are not only a delicacy. A thousand years ago, Avicenna himself included almond kernels in his recipes. In ancient Eastern medicine it was recommended to strengthen the brain, improve vision, and was given with honey for asthma, pleurisy and tuberculosis. Modern medicine has determined that amygdalin, contained in almonds, increases a person’s resistance to radiation damage. There is no doubt that nuts are very healthy, but you can only eat them by chewing them thoroughly, since a hastily eaten nut will not be digested (will not give the desired result) and, at best, will simply pass through the intestines, and at worst, it will clog it. Therefore, it is best to grind the nuts in a meat grinder along with dried apricots, raisins, prunes, add honey and lemons (right with the peel) and treat yourself and your loved ones with this “vitamin bomb” all winter.
Perhaps I will not list all kinds of vegetables and herbs at the Crimean market. All of them are tasty and healthy, both natural or in salads, stewed, and in summer vegetarian soups, and in a frying pan, and on the grill... But I really want to say a few words about tomatoes. Soon all markets will be filled with them: red, pink, yellow; large and fleshy, as well as very cute “babies” (the size of a cherry plum), but at the same time very sweet. Do you know that 200g of ripe tomatoes eaten daily replenishes the body with a daily dose of vitamins A and C?! But besides them, tomatoes contain vitamins B, K, P, E, as well as carotene, biotin, pantheonic and folic acids, potassium (removes excess fluid from the body, normalizes heart function), phosphorus (necessary for metabolism, nervous bones). and brain tissue), magnesium (for the nervous system, blood vessels, intestines, gall bladder, skin and mucous membranes), calcium, copper, zinc, fluorine, iodine, sodium (intracellular and intercellular metabolism). Tomatoes especially contain a lot of iron, the main hematopoietic element, which means tomatoes are simply irreplaceable for anemia. And the reddest of them contain a special substance - lycopene (an antioxidant; slows down the aging process, inhibits the development of malignant tumors), which is much better absorbed with fats than without them, so it is much healthier to eat tomato salads with vegetable oil.
And finally - grapes! Already in July, but most of all in August and September, clusters of white, pink and black colors can be seen in Crimean markets. Large and small, with thick and thin skin, refreshing with sourness and sweet like honey... And, of course, very healthy. Grape berries can contain up to 20-25% sugar, up to 2.5% organic acids - tartaric, malic, citric, succinic, oxalic, formic, salicylic, as well as salts and double salts of potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron. In addition, a whole range of all known vitamins (A, group B, C, P, PP), tannins, pectin substances, quercetin, enine, glucosides and many others. You may be surprised, but in its chemical composition, natural grape juice is somewhat similar to... human milk. Wonderful berries increase metabolism in the body, have a diuretic, mild laxative and diaphoretic effect, increase the secretion of mucus in the respiratory tract, improve the regulation of blood circulation, lower blood pressure (and if it is low, it increases), bringing it closer to normal. Since ancient times, grapes have been widely used for many diseases: general loss of strength, exhaustion of the nervous system, anemia, bronchitis and pleurisy, hemorrhoids, gout, heart disease, gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidney diseases (including as a stone remover).
Treatment with grapes
Do you know that for the first time in Russia, it was in Crimea that the Yalta doctor V.N. Dmitriev introduced grape treatment into practice? This treatment was given a scientific justification, based on scrupulous medical observations of patients with loss of strength, diseases of the lungs, metabolism, some diseases of the kidneys, liver, etc. Treatment with grapes is still indicated for patients with such intractable diseases as atherosclerosis, loss of immunity, cancer diseases, viral and bacterial infections. Although there are contraindications: diabetes, stomach, intestinal and oral ulcers, heart defects, hypertension and obesity. Remember that grapes are not recommended to be consumed immediately after meals (as are most fruits and berries), since their ability to “ferment” can lead to unpleasant consequences, both in the stomach and intestines. It is better to spit out grape seeds and peels, and you should not drink water after grapes. In addition, grape acids destroy tooth enamel, so it is better to brush your teeth after each use of grapes.
If you decide to undergo a course of grape therapy, remember that it should not last more than a month and a half. You need to start with small doses (300-500g), gradually increasing to 2-3kg per day. You should eat grapes in three doses: half in the morning on an empty stomach, a quarter an hour before lunch and the remaining one an hour before dinner. By the way, you can also lose weight along the way, despite the calorie content of the grapes themselves, since when eaten before a meal, they create a feeling of fullness, and you will want to eat much less than usual. In addition, for proper treatment it is necessary to exclude fatty foods, alcoholic beverages, beer, kvass from your diet for this month. mineral water, canned food, milk and dairy products. And you will probably feel the result within the first two weeks.
To the information about grapes, I will add that even grape leaves have a number of beneficial properties. Their decoction or infusion is used to gargle for sore throats and to wash for skin diseases; crushed leaves are applied to purulent wounds and ulcers for faster healing. Young leaves can be safely put into salad, and from larger leaves you can make special cabbage rolls - “dolma”.
We talk about what fruits grow in Crimea, as well as what fruits ripen in May, June, July, August and September and what their prices are at different resorts.
The fruits of Crimea are considered a real pantry of health, as they are a source of vitamins and microelements that stimulate the functioning of the whole body. From May to September on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula you can find many fruits that grow on this land and are famous for their excellent taste. When the season for harvesting any type of fruit arrives, prices correspondingly become lower, which makes it possible for all residents and guests of this amazing region to fully enjoy all fruit gifts without worrying about their budget.
So, what fruits grow in Crimea? From May to September on the peninsula you can try the following fruits: cherries, apricots, figs, cherry plums, plums, peaches, apples, grapes, pomegranates. However, here you can also find less popular, but very healthy fruits: mulberries, pears, jujube, and so on.
What fruits grow in Crimea
Sweet cherries and sour cherries in Crimea
In mid-May, the early cherry variety Mike ripens, and towards the end Napoleon also grows. Crimean cherries have red, juicy and large fruits. Since the pulp is not very dense, these varieties are difficult to transport. The fruits are very healthy due to their high content of pectin and malic acid. Also common in Crimea are varieties such as Drogana yellow, Kara Kerez and Francis.
The cherry ripening season in Crimea lasts from June to September. Cherry fruits are large in size, round in shape, and red or dark red in color. The pulp is quite juicy with a sweet and sour taste. For Crimea, the following varieties are typical: English, Anadolskaya and Podbelskaya. English cherry is a hybrid variety combining sweet cherry and cherry. The fruits are large, the flesh is pale pink, juicy. Cherries contain many beneficial substances, such as vitamin C and melatonin.
Peaches and figs in Crimea
Peaches have been grown in Crimea for a long time, the best varieties grow in the Bakhchisarai region, and the Nikitsky Botanical Garden has made an undeniable contribution to the spread of peaches throughout the peninsula. For the foothill zone, peach is considered the leading stone fruit crop. Ripens from mid-July to October. The pulp of the fruit contains many minerals and a vitamin complex. The flesh of Crimean peaches is sweet and yellowish-orange in color. In addition, Crimean varieties have a pleasant and strong aroma, which distinguishes them from imported varieties.
Along with peach, figs are one of the most popular fruits in Crimea. Figs are a subtropical deciduous ficus, a rather unpretentious plant. There are two main types: white and purple. In Crimea, figs ripen twice, the first season is from late June to mid-July, the second season is from early August to mid-September. The cost of figs in Crimean markets varies from 40 to 100 rubles per kilogram.
Figs not only have an amazing taste, but also great benefits: they contain large quantities of various minerals and vitamins. In potassium content it is second only to nuts, and in iron content it is superior to apples. Figs also have the ability to reduce blood sugar and cholesterol levels. This is a real storehouse of health!
Apricots in Crimea
For Crimea, there is only one traditional apricot variety - Red-cheeked, which has several local varieties. The remaining varieties are bred. The apricot season is between June and July. Prices for this fruit are quite high. The exception is the wild variety, which produces a stable harvest. The apricot fruits of this variety are small, light yellow in color with an orange tint. “Dichka” has good taste and has sweet flesh. This variety is quite cheap.
Plum and cherry plum
Plums are harvested in late July. On the territory of Crimea you can find many varieties of plums. Particularly popular are Erik and Renkloda Altana. The Eric plum fruits are oval in shape, blue or purple in color, with a predominance of prune bloom, and the flesh is dense. It is used to make prunes. The fruits of the plum variety Renkloda Altana have a round shape, and the color can be green, yellow or pink-red. The pulp is juicy and tender.
Cherry plum is one of the varieties of plums, and also has a huge number of varieties - from sour “game” to sweet selection varieties. The ripening of cherry plum depends on the variety, but, as a rule, the first harvest can be carried out at the end of June - beginning of July. Cherry plum fruits have a beautiful round shape and can be in different colors. In addition to the usual yellow color, in Crimea you can find cherry plum in red, pink and purple colors. Fruit pulp contains many nutrients and organic acids.
Apples in Crimea
Apples are one of the most common fruits in Crimea. Early apples can be harvested as early as the second half of July. These varieties include White filling and Stark Erliest. At this point, they ripen well, and their price becomes lower. Also in the second half of July, the aromatic Melba apple variety begins to ripen in the gardens. This variety is characterized by the presence of a flattened-round shape. The skin of these apples is greenish-yellow, and the flesh is white and quite sweet. However, the fruits are no more than one month old. Also during this period you can find the early McIntosh variety. The fruits are round in shape, light green in color, and covered with a bluish coating. The pulp is white, has a greenish tint. Confectionery is considered a rare variety of Crimean apple trees, which ripens closer to August; the fruits are distinguished by a sweet dessert taste. The main apple harvest occurs around September - October.
Crimean grapes
It grows almost everywhere on the peninsula and produces a good harvest. It is harvested from late July to October. Today, 14 table and 6 canning varieties grow in Crimea. The most famous of them are: lady's finger, nutmeg, sultana, Moldova. The price of grapes ranges from 25 to 100 rubles per kilogram, depending on the variety, and sultanas do not cost more than 150 rubles. According to their qualities, Crimean grapes are divided into two types: technical and table. The first is used in the production of wine and juices, and the second is served at the table.
How much do fruits cost? in Crimea
It should be understood that the cost of fruit throughout the Crimea may vary. It depends on the area (if it is a resort town with a large influx of tourists, the cost will be higher), as well as on the season.
Let's give comparative characteristics prices for some types of fruits (per kilogram) that grow in Crimea (Simferopol, Yalta, Kerch, Alushta):
Prices for fruits in Simferopol:
- Apples from 35 rubles;
- Peaches from 33 rubles;
- Cherry plum from 30 rubles;
- Cherry from 55 rubles;
- Grapes from 30 rudds;
- Plum from 20 rubles.
Prices in Yalta:
- Peaches from 30 rubles;
- Cherry plum from 30 rubles;
- Cherry from 50 rubles;
- Grapes from 30 rudds;
- Plum from 23 rubles
Prices in Kerch:
- Apples from 35 rubles;
- Peaches from 35 rubles;
- Cherry plum from 33 rubles;
- Cherry from 55 rubles;
- Grapes from 30 rudds;
- Plum from 23 rubles
Prices in Alushta:
- Apples from 40 rubles;
- Peaches from 35 rubles;
- Cherry plum from 30 rubles;
- Cherry from 70 rubles;
- Grapes from 30 rudds;
- Plum from 24 rubles.
So, let’s summarize what fruits you can buy in Crimea in a given month.
May: what fruits ripen in Crimea
In May, it is practically impossible to buy any local fruits - they mostly begin to ripen in June. Towards the end of May, cherries begin to appear on the shelves - the very first herald of fruits in Crimea. Of course, imported fruits are sold - apples, oranges, bananas and so on.
June: what fruits ripen in Crimea
In June, the first apricots ripen in Crimea (already in the second half of the month), by the end of June the first peaches, nectarines, and cherry plums appear; sweet cherries are also sold. You can buy mulberries.
July: what fruits ripen in Crimea
July is one of the richest months for fruits. Fruits that ripen in Crimea in July include peaches, figs, cherry plums, and nectarines. In July, the first fig harvest occurs, so market counters are bursting with its variety. There are also a lot of peaches appearing (the Veteran variety is tasty). At the end of July, apples and plums ripen. Around mid-July, the cherry tree stops bearing fruit, but there are still cherries.
August: what fruits ripen in Crimea
August, along with July, can be considered one of the most fruitful months. In Crimea, peaches and nectarines are still sold in August, and grapes, watermelons and melons appear in abundance. From the beginning of August to mid-September is the second harvest of figs, so there are a lot of them and they are cheap. There are also apples and pears.
September: what fruits ripen in Crimea
In September there is a harvest of apples and grapes in Crimea. The first persimmons appear, and a lot of figs are sold. Of course, there are plenty of watermelons and melons to choose from.
Holidays in Crimea are not only a pleasant pastime and a way to improve your health, but also an opportunity to replenish your vitamin reserves. The main and tasty suppliers of nutrients are fruits. Sunny Crimea is rich in delicious fruits, and even their famous types have a special taste and aroma. To ensure that your body truly receives only the benefits and not a dose of pesticides, buy fruits only when they are in season.
Already at the end of May on the Crimean peninsula begins holiday season. Sanatoriums, hotels, boarding houses and private houses of local residents are looking forward to their first guests. On supermarket shelves and even markets you can buy “imported” apples, oranges and bananas. Such fruits have an impeccable appearance and a long shelf life. There is plenty of “good” in every city that is not a resort, so you shouldn’t pay attention to them. Another thing is local fruits. The first of them can be purchased from mid-May - these are strawberries and early cherries.
In order for the fruits to give you maximum pleasure, try to choose only dry, shiny, dense ones, with green, elastic stalks.
Along with peach one of the popular fruits Crimean peninsula considered figs. Its harvest is harvested twice - from the end of June to the second half of July, and then from August to mid-September. In Crimea, purple, green, brown, green and black figs are found. The fruit has an excellent, sweet taste, although some light varieties may not be very sweet, along with this it is also healthy. It is better to eat it fresh or dried.
Figs are one of the highly perishable types of fruit, so you should choose them with great care, and you should not buy them “in reserve.” A ripe fruit will not release white juice at the tearing site. Good figs should not emit a sour smell. If you plan to eat it right away, you can purchase very soft, “falling apart” fruits.
Description of cherry varieties
Cherry varieties
Early cherries delight with an abundant harvest of sweet berries already at the end of May. The fruiting season lasts until the first days of summer. Early varieties include: Valery Chkalov, Rannyaya Duki, Melitopolskaya, Skorospelka, Rannyaya Marki, Priusadnaya Mayskaya.
At the end of June, mid-season cherries produce a harvest. Here you can highlight such varieties as Donchanka, Yaroslavna, Silvia, Ugolek, Orlovskaya rozovaya.
Towards mid-July, late cherries ripen. These fruiting periods are characteristic of such varieties as Izyumnaya, Leningradskaya Chernaya, Amazonka, Romantika, Bryanskaya Rozovaya, Drogana Yellow.
In the center of Russia, good yields are produced by such varieties as Rechitsa, Leningradskaya Chernaya, Chermashnaya, Iput.
The varieties Crimean Chernaya, Assol, Saniya, Malinovka, Zagoryevskaya, and Yulia are suitable for the South of Russia, Crimea and Central Black Earth Region.
The best varieties of cherries for the Urals are Lyubimitsa Astakhova, Ovstuzhenka, Odrinka, Fatezh, Raditsa. All these varieties tolerate frost well, but for the winter they need to be insulated with covering material.
Yellow cherries: varieties
Most varieties with sunny berries produce rich harvests. The most popular varieties of yellow cherries are Priusadubnaya yellow, Amazon (with a red barrel), Snegurochka.
Cherry variety Drogana yellow
The Drogana yellow variety enjoys great recognition. The berries of this cherry are quite large in size and weight (6.5 g). The dense yellowish pulp of the fruit has a sweet taste. The berry is covered with a thin skin (the juice is almost transparent). The elongated stone is medium in size and difficult to separate from the pulp. The fruits are not transportable. This late variety is characterized by good winter hardiness.
Pink cherries: varieties
Pink cherries are widespread. The most famous varieties: Early pink, Moldavian pink, Pink pearl, Valeria, Orlovskaya pink, Napoleon pink, Leningrad pink.
Cherry variety Bryansk pink
The Bryansk pink variety deserves special attention. The fruits are of average size and weight (about 4 g). They are characterized by a round shape. The pink skin covers the yellowish, dense and sweet flesh. The juice is almost colorless. The egg-shaped stone is not very well separated from the pulp. The berries do not crack. The fruits ripen in mid-summer. The variety tolerates low temperatures well during wintering.
Black cherries: varieties
Dark cherries are famous for their intensely sweet taste (at least most varieties do). Well proven: Black Eagle, Melitopol black, Leningrad black, Early black, Daibera black, Tatar black.
Cherry variety Napoleon black
Recently, there has been a noticeable increase in interest in the Napoleon black variety. This mid-late variety tolerates unfavorable winter conditions well. Sweet fruits with dark, dense pulp are suitable for various types of processing and withstand transportation well. Each berry weighs on average 4.5-5 g.
The best varieties of cherries
The best cherry varieties are considered to be those that have optimal winter hardiness and produce medium or large fruits that do not crack when ripe. It is worth considering the taste of the fruit - some varieties have a slight bitterness. So, in the rating of people's love there are such varieties as Chermashnaya, Raditsa, Iput, Ovstuzhenka, Fatezh, Bryanochka, Lena, Bryansk pink.
Cherry variety Tyutchevka
Good recommendations has a late variety Tyutchevka. The weight of the berries can reach 7.4 g. The pulp of the fruit is dense, juicy, sweet, dark red. The fruits tolerate transportation well. Maximum yield – 40 kg per tree. Winter hardiness indicators are good.
Large-fruited cherry varieties
Cherries that produce fruits weighing 7-15 g are considered large. The following varieties have earned good recommendations: Yulia, Bull's Heart, Italian, Daibera black, Donetsk Beauty, Melitopolskaya black, Druzhba, Regina.
Cherry variety Large-fruited
A mid-season variety with the eloquent name Krupnoplodnaya has become widespread. It is grown in the southern and central parts of Russia. The dark red fruits are of high quality (their average weight is 10.4-12 g). Under good conditions, the weight of the berries can reach 18 g. The skin of the fruit is dense, although thin - the crop can be transported over long distances. The berries are juicy, but gristly. Their taste is sweet and sour. The seed of the berries of this variety is large, but it is easily separated from the pulp. The purpose of the fruits is universal - they can be eaten fresh, as well as prepared in any way.
Self-fertile cherry varieties
Self-fertile varieties are good because they can partially pollinate themselves without the participation of other varieties. But it is worth considering that 100% self-pollination does not happen, and self-fertility is also unstable (indicators may change from year to year). There are few self-fertile varieties of cherries. It is worth paying attention to such varieties as Narodnaya Syubarova and Ovstuzhenka.
Cherry variety Revna
Particularly noteworthy is the Revna variety. It has a late ripening period. The average weight of the berries is about 5 g, their color is black, and the taste is very sweet. The fruits tolerate transportation well. The dense pulp can be easily separated from the stone. The yield can reach 20 kg from each tree. The variety has high winter hardiness. It is partially self-fertile. To increase productivity, it is recommended to use the varieties Iput, Venyaminova, Kompaktnaya, Raditsa.
What varieties of cherries are best? This question can be answered only by planting several varieties of seedlings on your site. You need to focus on your own criteria (some people are attracted by large fruits, others by winter hardiness or the taste of the fruits). In different regions, the same variety can manifest itself differently.
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Clematiskings of the garden and constant companions of roses part 2 Encyclopedia of roses
First part
Here we can continue to talk about these wonderful vines, their varieties, care features and everything connected with it, and also about how they can be placed next to queen roses so that everyone is comfortable.
A list of reliable varieties compiled by International Association clematis growers:
1.Early flowering small-flowered clematis (princelets)
Alpine clematis, ‘Constance’, ‘Frances Rivis’, ‘Frankie’, large-petalled clematis, ‘Markham’s Pink’, ‘White Swan’
2.Early flowering large-flowered hybrids
Clematis ‘Fujimusume’, ‘General Sikorski’, ‘Guernsey Cream’, ‘Pink Champagne’ / ‘Kakio’, ‘Mrs. Georg Jackman', 'Niobe', 'Piilu', 'The President', 'Westerplatte'
3.Summer-flowering large-flowered hybrids
Clematis 'Ascotiensis', 'Comtesse de Bouchaud', 'Gipsy Queen', 'Hagley Hybrid', 'Huldine', 'Jackmanii', 'John Huxtable', 'Kardynal Wyszynski', 'Victoria', 'Viola', 'Warszawska Nike '
4.Summer-flowering clematis of the Viticella group
With bell-shaped flowers:
Clematis ‘Alba Luxurans’, ‘Betty Corning’, ‘Minuet’, purple clematis
With flowers up to 4 cm in diameter:
Clematis ‘Abundance’, ‘Royal Velours’, ‘Rubra’
With flowers up to 10 cm in diameter:
Clematis ‘Prince Charles’, ‘Blekitny Aniol’, ‘Emilia Plater’, ‘Etoile Violette’, ‘Polish Spirit’, ‘Venosa Violacea’
5. Clematis of the Tangutika group
Clematis ‘Aureolin’, ‘Bill Mackenzie’, ‘Helios’, ‘Golden Tiara’, ‘Lambton Park’, Tangut clematis
6. Herbaceous clematis and clematis of the Diversifolia group
Clematis ‘Aljonushka’, ‘Arabella’, ‘Blue Boy’, ‘Hendersoni’, ‘Durandii’, ‘Petit Faucon’, ‘Rooguchi’, Clematis Manchurian
7. Other Paul Farges Sammer Snow, Praecox, Clematis triternata Rubromarginata
And a small list of my own proven and reliable varieties of 3g trimmings by color may also be useful:
1. Violet - Jacquemant, Victoria, Viola, ‘Etoile Violette’, ‘Polish Spirit (there are more of these, the most stable)
2. Blue-lilac - ‘Prince Charles’, ‘Blekitny Aniol’, ‘Emilia Plater’
3. Pink - ‘Comtesse de Bouchaud’, ‘Hagley Hybrid, Margaret Hunt
4. Crimson (relatively red) - Ernest Markham, Abundance, Madam Julia Correvon, Ville de Lyon
5.White-‘Huldine’, John Huxtable
6.Terry-Purpurea Plena Elegans
With double flowers - Multi Blue, Kiri te Kanawa, Shin-Shigyoku, Crystal Fountain, ‘Arctic Queen, Terry variety, Kaiser.
With a simple flower - John Paul 2, Dr Ruppel, Nelly Moser, Piilu, Sunset, Nadezhda, Warszawska Nike, Guernsey Cream, Niobe, Westerplatte.
I’ll highlight purple-lilac ones separately: William Kennett, The President, Flower Ball, Minister, Mrs. Cholmondeley, Daniel Deronda, General Sikorsky, Kasper.
And you should probably pay attention to these varieties, there is not a lot of information on them, but reviews from the owners are encouraging - Fujimusume, Jerzy Popiełuszko, Solidarity, Countess of Lovelace.
Plum variety Anna Shpet photo reviews description characteristics
Anna Spath is a late-ripening variety of Prunus domestica of Western European origin. Obtained from the seed in the early 1870s in Germany by L. Shpet. The first description of this plum dates back to 1881.
It has become widespread throughout the south of the former Soviet Union, especially in the southern regions of Ukraine, the North Caucasus and the south of the Rostov region. According to the 1945 garden census, the largest number of Anna Shpet trees was located in the Krasnodar Territory, here their share was 12.5%, the second place in the number of trees was occupied by the Rostov region with a share of 12.6%, Kabardino-Balkaria accounted for 13, 8%, on North Ossetia- 7%, for the Volgograd region - 5.8%.
Anna Shpet plum is included in the standard assortment of the Crimea, the Caucasus, the southern part of Ukraine in 1 - 2 groups, Astrakhan and Volgograd regions - in 2 - 3 groups.
In 1947, the variety was sent for State testing. In the same year, included in the State Register of the Russian Federation for the North Caucasus (Rostov region, Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, the Republics of Adygea, Dagestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, North Ossetia-Alania, Karachay-Cherkessia, Chechen) and Lower Volga (Astrakhan and Volgograd region, Republic of Kalmykia) regions.
The trees are vigorous, durable (reach 40 years of age), develop quickly, and tolerate rejuvenation well. The crown is dense, wide, round or rounded-pyramidal in shape, with long-lasting (up to 12 years) overgrowing branches. The skeletal branches are quite thick. The stamp is straight and smooth. The bark on the trunk is colored gray, on the skeletal branches - light gray. The lentils are medium in size and are found in average quantities on the trunk. The shoots are straight, pubescent, with lentils, colored in a low-intensity brown or red-brown color; internodes are medium (4 cm); spears and internal weak summer growths are grayish with a reddish tint. Vegetative buds are small in size, cone-shaped, pointed, pressed. The leaves are light green in color, below average in size (average length - 7.3 cm, narrow - 3.8 cm, area - 27.8 cm), elongated oval in shape, with a pointed apex and tree-like base, framed along the edge with double-crested serrations medium size. The leaf blade is thin, loose consistency, flat in shape, the upper side is matte, pubescent, the lower side is slightly pubescent along the central and lateral veins. The petioles are short (up to 0.8 cm), anthocyanin colored. Glands one at a time: sessile, yellow. Stipules are absent.
Inflorescences are two-flowered. The buds are white. The corolla is large (2.8 cm), flat in shape. The petals are of medium size (length - 1.3 cm, width - 0.7 cm), oval in shape, with a rounded tip, the edge of the apex is wavy, the corrugation is medium, the closeness of the petals is medium, the color is white. There are a small number of stamens (18 pcs/color), their shape is straight, the length of the filament is 0.7 - 1.1 cm, the anthers are colored yellow. The calyx is bell-shaped, pubescent. Sepals are lanceolate, pubescent, 0.7 cm long, 0.2 cm wide, without serration along the edge. Pedicels are of medium length (1.1 cm), without pubescence.
The fruits of the Anna Shpet plum are large in size (weighing from 40 to 50 g, average weight - 45 g, the largest specimens reach 60 g), isosceles, oval or broadly ovoid in shape. The abdominal suture is wide, shallow, weakly expressed, and does not crack. The main color of the fruit is light yellow, the outer color is solid dark purple with a reddish (or brick-brown) tint. The skin is thin, dense, loose consistency, with numerous subcutaneous gray dots and rare rusty veins, covered with a thick bluish waxy coating; It is easily removed from the pulp, especially when immersing the fruit in hot water. The funnel is deep and of medium width. The peduncle is short, hooked, and rather thick. The seeds are medium-sized (weight 1.5 g, length - 2.2 cm, width - 1.3 cm, thickness - 0.8 cm), elongated oval in shape, pointed towards the stalk and rounded towards the apex, painted dark brown color. The surface is rough, pitted and tuberculate. The continuous seam is open. The ventral suture is narrow. The central rib is well expressed. There are no lateral ribs. The keel is small and blunt in shape. Separability from the pulp is good (for fully ripened fruits).
The pulp is greenish-yellow in color (in well-ripened fruits it is golden), transparent, dense, tender, juicy, fibrous consistency; It darkens slightly in the air. The color of the cavity is the same color as the pulp. The taste of plums is very good, sweet with a pleasant sourness.
According to the biochemical composition, plums by fresh weight contain: dry matter (15.7%), total sugars (9.9%), pectin substances (0.80%), acids (0.73%), polyphenols (384 mg/ 100 g), ascorbic acid (6.5 mg/100 g); the sugar acid index is 13.56.
Tasting assessment of frozen fruits - 3.8 points; dried fruits - 3.9 points; juice with pulp - 3.8 points; compote - 4.2 points, marinade - 4.1 points. The variety is well suited for fresh and soaked consumption, as well as for some types of canning (jam, marinades). Unsuitable for freezing and production of dried fruits. The sweetest plums are at the stage when the skin on them begins to wrinkle (becomes, as it were, withered).
Flowering occurs in the middle period (mid-April). The fruit ripening period is very late (late September - early October). Harvesting can be done in one go, since the ripened fruits continue to be firmly held on the trees. The early fruiting of the Anna Shpet plum is assessed as average: trees usually begin to bear fruit from the 3rd to the 5th (in rare cases from the 6th) year. Harvests are high and regular. From 8 - 10 year old trees, from 25 to 40 kg of fruits are collected, from 10 - 12 year old trees - up to 60 kg. At the age of 15 - 20 years, during the period of full fruiting, one tree can bear up to 150 - 250 kg of fruit. In a cold, dry room, plums are well preserved for over 1 month. In rainy weather, the fruits crack and often rot severely.
The level of winter hardiness of wood and flower buds is average. Frost resistance is average. In the south of Russia, the variety is quite frost-resistant, but in the conditions of the northern regions of Ukraine and the Astrakhan region, the trees freeze slightly. In the south of the Voronezh and Kursk regions, rare single trees suffer greatly from frost and therefore have low yields. But thanks to the high regenerative abilities of the variety, even tree buds recover well after severe freezing. There is also a good restoration ability of wood after frost damage and breakdowns. The overall level of drought resistance is assessed as satisfactory. In the conditions of the steppe regions of the Kuban, the trees grow well and tolerate drought quite well.
The variety is relatively resistant to moniliosis (monilial burn) and polystigmosis (red spot). Resistance to other diseases is average. On carbonate soils, trees suffer greatly from chlorosis.
This plum is partially self-fertile and even without pollinators produces very good yields. But the best results are achieved with cross-pollination. Good pollinators for it are the following varieties: Washington, Hungarian domestic, Hungarian Italian, Victoria, Ekaterina, Izyum-erik, Kirke, Rannyaya, Renklod Altana, Renklod green, Peach.
The main advantages of the Anna Shpet plum include: high yields, large fruits of very good quality, late ripening.
The main disadvantages are: susceptibility to disease, high crown (when harvesting from an adult tree, you cannot do without a ladder), weak, friable wood (trees often break in hurricane winds), and low canning quality of the fruit.
When you go on vacation to the sea, you always expect to see fruit in your diet. This desire also applies to holidays on the Crimean Peninsula. Of course, there are fruits that are offered to tourists regardless of the time of year, and imported exotic ones can often be seen on tables in hotel restaurants not only in high season. But the fruits that you eat during their ripening period are much tastier. It is at such a time that the fruits are juicy, filled with the warmth of the hot Crimean sun.
Where to buy fruit
The best option is the market. Moreover, it is better to choose sellers not those who have a wide variety of fruits, but some grandmother who probably sells fruits grown in her own garden. The taste will be excellent, because everything is grown without chemicals and other inorganic fertilizers. Such fruits can also be bought in villages, traveling along the roads of Crimea, when containers with them are located right at the gates and fences of personal plots.
Of course, they are also sold in supermarkets, shops and street stalls. However, these are not always local, grown under the southern Crimean sun. Fruits are brought to the peninsula from other countries, including exotic and familiar ones (for example, bananas).
And in hotel restaurants, those grown on the fertile Crimean soil are not always served for breakfast, lunch or dinner, so it is better to stock up on fruit yourself. Hotels do not allow you to bring food into your rooms, including fruits and berries, but, as people say, you can, if you are careful. If you are staying in a private house, then there is hardly anything that will prevent you from fully enjoying the taste of the local gifts of nature.
Fruit seasons
May
- Strawberries (early season)
- Gooseberries (early season)
The tourist season begins in July, but from mid-May you can enjoy the first strawberry harvest. Next, the gooseberries begin to ripen. But large quantity You shouldn’t wait for berries at this time; rather, these will be so-called glass portions.
June
- Cherry (early season)
- Cherries
- Raspberries (early season)
- Apricot
- Strawberries
The first month of summer marks the height of the strawberry season. These berries are said to be tastier and healthiest in the morning and straight from the garden. Strawberries are already in abundance. Sweet cherries begin to ripen, then cherries. And if the frosts did not damage the trees too much, then in the last days of June the first apricots appear on the shelves.
July
- Strawberries
- Apricot
- Peach
- Cherries
- Apples
- Dogwood (early season)
- Grape
- Figs
This is where there is freedom for lovers of fruits and berries. July adds grapes, apples, dogwoods and figs to the diet. Moreover, early varieties of apples produce delicious juicy fruits already at the beginning of the month. Cherries stay on the shelves until the second ten days of the month, but before buying them you should make sure that there are no small worms in the berries - just break one (as a rule, sellers allow you to do this without problems). Peaches are appearing on the shelves. And it is best to buy figs from the branch.
August
- Watermelon
- Peaches
- Grape
- Pears
- Raspberries
It's time to enjoy watermelons, which in August will delight you with excellent taste. There will be no place on the table without peaches, which have a short season in Crimea - only July and August. Raspberries are ripening, filled with the warmth of the sun's rays.
September
- Grape
- Apples
It's time to try a somewhat exotic fruit for our latitudes - quince, although in Crimea it is often found in household plots.
October
- Pomegranate
- Raspberries
- Medlar
Raspberries, having taken a month's break, returned to the tables again. And the berries are no less juicy and tasty than in the summer. It's also time to harvest the pomegranates. And the medlar fruits begin to ripen.
November
- Medlar
- Raspberries
In the last month of autumn, when the high season had long ended, the forests of the mountainous regions of Crimea were filled with sweet and sour medlar juice. You can still enjoy raspberries, but this is only if someone treats you: you can no longer find them on sale.
Most fruits and berries (gooseberries, dogwoods, cherries, watermelons, grapes, etc.) ripen already in September, and only some acquire their optimal flavor later. Late varieties of apples and pears will delight you not only in autumn, but also in winter. There are also fruits that, even out of season, do not lose their taste and aroma. For example, grapes. In winter, of course, it will be delivered from other countries, but this is not at all a reason to refuse the delicacy.
